main migration waves

The term migration in this area has two meanings: a broad,including all types of movements of humans, and another, morerestricted, it only takes into account such journeys involving a change of residence of those who perform them. Thus, in its broadest sense would include also the ebb and flow of population between the home and workplace.
Any migration process involves two concepts:
Emigration, which is the output of people from one country, place or region to settle in another country, place or region. Migrationinvolves a negative estimate of the standard of living of a person and their family environment and a perception that to settle elsewhere will increase their economic, social or otherwise, or atleast, that their hopes for a better life will be effective in the future.
Immigration is the arrival in a country of people from another country or place.
The most important form of migration since the nineteenth centuryto the present day is known as rural exodus, which is the massive displacement of population from rural to urban, millions of people move annually from rural to urban areas in all countries of the world (especially in developing countries) in search of better living conditions and, above all, greater employment opportunities.